PG TRB ZOOLOGY ONLINE TEST / QUIZ AS PER LATEST SYLLABUS | Unit I - ANIMAL DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENY | Phylogeny, evolutionary significance and inter-relationships of Hemichordata, Urochordata and Cephalochordata and their relation with other deuterosomes.

PG TRB ZOOLOGY ONLINE TEST / QUIZ AS PER LATEST SYLLABUS | Unit I - ANIMAL DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENY | Phylogeny, evolutionary significance and inter-relationships of Hemichordata, Urochordata and Cephalochordata and their relation with other deuterosomes.

1. Which of the following is considered the connecting link between non-chordates and chordates?

A) Urochordata

B) Cephalochordata

C) Hemichordata

D) Echinodermata

2. The notochord in Cephalochordata extends up to which part of the body?

A) Only up to the head region

B) Only up to the tail region

C) Both head and tail regions

D) Only up to the trunk region

3. The presence of a dorsal, hollow nerve cord is a characteristic feature of:

A) Hemichordata

B) Urochordata

C) Cephalochordata

D) Echinodermata

4. The larval stage of Urochordata is known as:

A) Bipinnaria larva

B) Ammocoete larva

C) Tadpole larva

D) Tornaria larva

5. The excretory organ in Balanoglossus (Hemichordata) is:

A) Protonephridia

B) Flame cells

C) Proboscis gland

D) Metanephridia

6. The pharyngeal gill slits in Cephalochordata are used for:

A) Respiration only

B) Excretion only

C) Filter feeding and respiration

D) Reproduction

7. The structure in Hemichordata that is homologous to the notochord of chordates is the:

A) Nerve cord

B) Stomochord

C) Pharyngeal gill slits

D) Post-anal tail

8. Which subphylum of Chordata is exclusively marine and sessile in the adult stage?

A) Hemichordata

B) Urochordata

C) Cephalochordata

D) Vertebrata

9. The phenomenon of retrogressive metamorphosis is seen in:

A) Amphioxus

B) Balanoglossus

C) Herdmania

D) Pikaia

10. The water vascular system is a characteristic of which related deuterostome phylum?

A) Annelida

B) Mollusca

C) Echinodermata

D) Arthropoda

11. Which of the following is an acraniate chordate?

A) Cyclostomata

B) Pisces

C) Amphioxus

D) Aves

12. The larva of Hemichordata shows close resemblance to the larva of which phylum?

A) Annelida

B) Mollusca

C) Echinodermata

D) Arthropoda

13. The notochord in Urochordata is found only in the larval stage and is restricted to the:

A) Head region

B) Tail region

C) Trunk region

D) Gill slits

14. The phylum Hemichordata is classified into two main classes. They are:

A) Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea

B) Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia

C) Larvacea and Thaliacea

D) Cephalochordata and Urochordata

15. The buccal diverticulum in Hemichordata is commonly known as:

A) Notochord

B) Stomochord

C) Pharyngeal gill slits

D) Nerve cord

16. The presence of a dorsal nerve cord in the larval stage of Urochordata is an evidence of their relationship with:

A) Annelida

B) Arthropoda

C) Vertebrata

D) Mollusca

17. Which of the following deuterostomes is characterized by having a enterocoelous coelom?

A) Arthropoda

B) Echinodermata

C) Annelida

D) Mollusca

18. The free-swimming larval stage of Cephalochordata is called:

A) Tornaria larva

B) Tadpole larva

C) Ammocoete larva

D) Bipinnaria larva

19. The filter-feeding mechanism in Amphioxus is primarily carried out by:

A) The liver

B) The notochord

C) The pharyngeal gill slits and endostyle

D) The post-anal tail

20. The tunic or test covering the body of Urochordata is composed of a substance called:

A) Chitin

B) Tunicin

C) Keratin

D) Collagen

21. Which group is considered to be the most primitive among the true chordates?

A) Vertebrata

B) Hemichordata

C) Urochordata

D) Cephalochordata

22. The term "Deuterostomia" refers to animals where the blastopore develops into the:

A) Mouth

B) Anus

C) Cloaca

D) Gill slits

23. Which of the following is a key reason for the placement of Hemichordata as a separate phylum and not a subphylum of Chordata?

A) Presence of stomochord

B) Absence of a true notochord

C) Presence of pharyngeal gill slits

D) Larval similarity with Echinodermata

24. The evolutionary lineage of Cephalochordata suggests they are most closely related to:

A) Urochordates

B) Hemichordates

C) Vertebrates

D) Echinodermates

25. The adult body of a Urochordate is characterized by a high degree of:

A) Cephalization

B) Segmentation

C) Degeneration

D) Bilateral symmetry

26. The common ancestor of Hemichordata and Echinodermata is hypothesized to be a:

A) Protostome

B) Bilateral larva

C) Radial symmetric animal

D) Cephalized vertebrate

27. Which of the following is a primitive chordate feature present in Cephalochordata throughout its life?

A) Paired appendages

B) Jaws

C) Notochord

D) Vertebral column

28. The phylogenetic position of Hemichordata is often debated due to its dual affinities with:

A) Annelida and Mollusca

B) Arthropoda and Annelida

C) Echinodermata and Chordata

D) Vertebrata and Pisces

29. The process of forming the coelom from outpockets of the archenteron is called:

A) Schizocoely

B) Enterocoely

C) Acoelomate

D) Pseudocoely

30. The phylum Cephalochordata is represented by the genus:

A) Ascidia

B) Balanoglossus

C) Herdmania

D) Amphioxus

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