PG TRB ZOOLOGY ONLINE TEST / QUIZ AS PER LATEST SYLLABUS | Unit I - ANIMAL DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENY | Comparative account of jaw suspension, girdles and limbs.

PG TRB ZOOLOGY ONLINE TEST / QUIZ AS PER LATEST SYLLABUS | Unit I - ANIMAL DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENY | Comparative account of jaw suspension, girdles and limbs.

1. Jaw suspension in sharks where the upper jaw is not directly attached to the cranium is known as:

• A) Autostylic
• B) Amphistylic
• C) Hyostylic
• D) Holostylic

2. The jaw suspension found in bony fishes, where the hyomandibular cartilage plays a significant role, is termed as:

• A) Autostylic
• B) Amphistylic
• C) Hyostylic
• D) Autodiastylic

3. Which type of jaw suspension is characterized by the palatoquadrate being fused with the cranium and the hyoid arch not involved in suspension?

• A) Autostylic
• B) Hyostylic
• C) Amphistylic
• D) Diastylic

4. The pectoral girdle in vertebrates is homologous to which structure in humans?

• A) Pelvic bone
• B) Femur
• C) Rib cage
• D) Shoulder girdle

5. What is the main bone of the pectoral girdle in amphibians and reptiles?

• A) Scapula
• B) Ilium
• C) Ischium
• D) Pubis

6. The pelvic girdle is composed of three bones: the ilium, ischium, and:

• A) Scapula
• B) Pubis
• C) Clavicle
• D) Coracoid

7. In birds, the pectoral girdle is strengthened by the fusion of the clavicles to form a V-shaped bone called the:

• A) Scapula
• B) Furcula
• C) Coracoid
• D) Sternum

8. The forelimb of a bird is modified for flight, and its main components are the humerus, radius, ulna, and:

• A) Femur
• B) Tibia
• C) Fibula
• D) Carpometacarpus

9. What is the condition where the upper jaw is immovably fused with the skull, as seen in most mammals?

• A) Craniostylic
• B) Hyostylic
• C) Amphistylic
• D) Autostylic

10. The first and second arches of the branchial skeleton are modified to form the jaws and the hyoid apparatus, respectively. These are known as:

• A) Branchial and Hyoid arch
• B) Pharyngeal and Mandibular arch
• C) Mandibular and Hyoid arch
• D) Mandibular and Branchial arch

11. In reptiles, the limbs are typically arranged in a posture that is:

• A) Fully upright
• B) Fully sprawling
• C) Parallels the ground
• D) Sprawling, but some are semi-upright

12. The glenoid fossa is a cavity in the pectoral girdle where the head of the:

• A) Humerus articulates
• B) Femur articulates
• C) Tibia articulates
• D) Radius articulates

13. Which of the following is a component of the pelvic girdle?

• A) Clavicle
• B) Scapula
• C) Ischium
• D) Coracoid

14. The fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis forms a cavity for the articulation of the femur, known as the:

• A) Glenoid fossa
• B) Acetabulum
• C) Foramen magnum
• D) Pubic symphysis

15. The jaw suspension of bony fishes is primarily supported by the:

• A) Mandibular arch
• B) Palatoquadrate
• C) Hyomandibular bone
• D) Ceratohyal

16. The pectoral girdle is said to be "movable" in most tetrapods because it is not directly articulated with the:

• A) Skull
• B) Humerus
• C) Pelvic girdle
• D) Vertebral column

17. Which group of animals exhibits the most reduced pectoral girdle due to its adaptation for flight?

• A) Birds
• B) Reptiles
• C) Amphibians
• D) Mammals

18. The forelimb of a frog is adapted for:

• A) Flight
• B) Running
• C) Support and landing
• D) Swimming

19. In the mammalian pelvic girdle, the two halves are typically joined anteriorly by the:

• A) Pubic symphysis
• B) Acetabulum
• C) Iliac crest
• D) Ischial tuberosity

20. The jaw suspension in Chondrichthyes is a primitive form where both the palatoquadrate and the hyoid arch are attached to the cranium. This is called:

• A) Holostylic
• B) Amphistylic
• C) Autostylic
• D) Hyostylic

21. The jaw suspension of most mammals is:

• A) Hyostylic
• B) Amphistylic
• C) Craniostylic
• D) Autostylic

22. The term "brachiation" refers to a mode of locomotion primarily associated with the limbs of:

• A) Frogs
• B) Horses
• C) Lizards
• D) Gibbons

23. In the pectoral girdle of mammals, the coracoid bone is typically:

• A) Large and prominent
• B) Small and fused to the scapula
• C) Absent
• D) Part of the clavicle

24. What is the primary function of the limbs in bipedal locomotion, as seen in humans?

• A) Grasping objects
• B) Balancing only
• C) Propulsion and support
• D) Digging

25. The jaw suspension where the upper jaw is connected to the cranium by the hyomandibular bone, but also has a ligamentous connection to the orbital process, is called:

• A) Autostylic
• B) Amphistylic
• C) Hyostylic
• D) Amphidiastylic

26. In the evolution of limbs, the humerus, radius, and ulna are homologous to the:

• A) Pectoral girdle
• B) Femur, tibia, and fibula
• C) Pelvic girdle
• D) Carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges

27. Which bone is part of the pectoral girdle in fish but is reduced or absent in most terrestrial vertebrates?

• A) Posttemporal
• B) Scapula
• C) Coracoid
• D) Clavicle

28. The specialized jaw suspension of snakes, allowing them to swallow large prey, is an extreme form of:

• A) Autostylic
• B) Holostylic
• C) Streptostylic
• D) Amphistylic

29. The limb bones of a horse are highly modified for:

• A) Climbing
• B) Cursorial locomotion
• C) Swimming
• D) Digging

30. The jaw suspension of placoderms, a group of extinct armored fishes, is an example of:

• A) Autostylic
• B) Holostylic
• C) Amphistylic
• D) Hyostylic

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